Scientific Name
Epinephelus trimaculatus  
Pronounce  
Epinephelus trimaculatus三斑石斑魚
by: Lab of Fish Ecol. and Evo., BRCAS
Author (Valenciennes, 1828) Depth 1 - 20M
Chinese 三斑石斑魚 Poisonous Fish No 
Family_Chinese 鮨科 Economic Fish Yes 
Family F338 Serranidae Edible Fish Yes  Chinese In Mainland China 三斑石斑魚 
Max Length 40 cm  Aquarium Fish No  Common Name 石斑、過魚、紅皮鱠、紅檜仔(澎湖)、鬼頭斑(香港) 
Distribution in World North West Pacific Ocean   Distribution in Taiwan East、South、PonFu 
Habitats Deep Sea、Coastal  Holotype Locality Japan 
Synonyms Epinephelus fario, Serranus ara, Serranus trimaculatus, Serranus ura   
Reference 臺灣魚類誌(沈等, 1993);Fishes of Japan(Nakabo, 2002)  沈世傑 編 Shih-Chieh Shen ed. 1993 Heemstra, P.C. etc. 1993 Nakabo T. 2002 
Specimen List ASIZP0054758. ASIZP0056205. ASIZP0058118. ASIZP0058119. ASIZP0058161. ASIZP0058162. ASIZP0074924. ASIZP0075124. ASIZP0076168. ASIZP0806486. ASIZP0807083. ASIZP0916486. ASIZP0917083. BPBMI23110. BPBMI23133. BPBMI23169. FRIP00406. NMMBP06568. NMMBP06660. NMMBP06666. NMMSTP00807. NTMP0032. NTMP0543. NTMP0575. NTMP1318. NTUM08136. NTUM08251. NTUM08255. NTUM08258. NTUM08259. NTUM08290. NTUM08291. NTUM08292. NTUM08293. NTUM08294. NTUM08295. NTUM08296. ...List all 46 records... 
Barcode2015-10-23,Chia-Hao Chang,CO1,% 2016-01-27,HAN-YANG,CO1,100%
Common Name Threespot grouper; Black-saddled grouper 
Redlist Status NL Not in IUCN Redlist     
Characteristic Dorsal fin with XI spines and 16 or 17 rays, the third or fourth spine longest, its length contained 2.7 to 3.5 times in head length and shorter than longest dorsal-fin rays; anal fin with III spines and 8 rays; pectoral-fin rays 17 or 18; pectoral-fin length contained 1.7 to 2.0 times in head length; pelvic fins not reaching anus, their length contained 2.0 to 2.5 times in head length: caudal fin rounded. Midlateral-body scales of adults (28 cm standard length) smooth; juveniles with patch of ctenoid scales on area covered by pectoral-fin tip; lateral-line scales 48 to 52; lateral-scale series 88 to 100. Pyloric caeca 27 to 36.
habitats According to Chan (1968), juveniles are common in tidepools and in shallow clear water around rocks and coral reefs. Adults are found in deeper water.  
Distribution E. trimaculatus is known only from Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and China Reports of this species (or “Epinephelus ario”) from the Indian Ocean are apparently based on misidentifications. 
Utility E. trimaculatus is an important food fish in Japan and Hong Kong. Kuo et al. (1988)