臺灣魚類誌(沈等, 1993);The Live Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific, Vol.5(FAO, 2001);Russell, B.C., 1990. Nemipterid fishes of the world. (Threadfin breams, whiptail breams, monocle breams, dwarf monocle breams, and coral breams). Family Nemipterida
Jordan, D. S. etc. 1909Russell, B. C. 1990沈世傑 編 Shih-Chieh Shen ed. 1993
Dorsal-fin raysX, 9; anal-fin rays III, 7; pectoral-fin rays16-17. Body depth 2.7 to 3.0 times in standard length. Head scales reaching forward to between middle of eyes. Posterior margin of preopercle more or less vertical, or sloping forward slightly. Lower limb of preopercle naked. Posterior margin of suborbital serrate, a small spine at upper corner. Pectoral fins long, reaching to or almost to level of anus. Pelvic fins long, reaching to level of anus. Body pinkish. An elongate blotch at origin of lateral line. Upper axis of pectoral fin black. Pectoral and caudal fin yellowish.
habitats
Benthic on sand or mud bottoms in offshore waters. Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates.
Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea, Gulf of Oman, east Africa south to Port Rynie, Sri Lanka, and the Andaman Sea; then from southern Japan, Taiwan, South China Sea, Philippines and Indonesia. This species has been erroneously recorded from northwestern Australia