Scientific Name	Epinephelus coioides   Pronounce			by: Lab of Fish Ecol. and Evo., BRCAS
Author	(Hamilton, 1822)	Depth	0 - 160M
Chinese	點帶石斑魚	Poisonous Fish	No
Family_Chinese	鮨科	Economic Fish	Yes
Family	F338　Serranidae	Edible Fish	Yes	Chinese In Mainland China	橘點石斑魚
Max Length	120 cm	Aquarium Fish	No	Common Name	石斑、過魚、紅花、紅點虎麻、紅斑、青斑
Distribution in World	India Ocean to West Pacific Ocean	Distribution in Taiwan	West、South
Habitats	Coral、Benthos、Estuary、Coastal、 Lagoon、Coral&Sand	Holotype Locality	Large Gangetic estuaries, India
Synonyms	Bola coioides, Cephalopholis nebulosus, Epinephelus coiodes, Epinephelus flavocaeruleus, Epinephelus malabaricus, Epinephelus nebulosus, Epinephelus salmoides, Epinephelus suillus, Epinephelus tauvina, Homalogrystes guntheri, Serranus nebulosus, Serranus salmonoides, Serranus suillus ...all 13..
Reference	臺灣魚類誌(沈等, 1993)；The Live Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific, Vol.4(FAO,1999)  Francis Hamilton, (formerly Buchanan,) M. D. 1822 沈世傑 編 Shih-Chieh Shen ed. 1993 Heemstra, P.C. etc. 1993 Carpenter, K. E. etc. 1999
Specimen List	ASIZP0055630. ASIZP0056196. ASIZP0056216. ASIZP0062886. ASIZP0066964. ASIZP0067575. ASIZP0069719. ASIZP0074054. ASIZP0074488. ASIZP0700200. ASIZP0700310. ASIZP0700311. ASIZP0802353. ASIZP0803259. ASIZP0806042. ASIZP0912353. ASIZP0913259. ASIZP0916042. NMMBP02754. NMMBP04392. NMMBP04394. NMMBP04504. NMMBP04506. NMNSF01016. NTMP0258. NTUM01636. NTUM08335. NTUM08336. NTUM08337. NTUM08684.
Barcode	2012-01-15,柯慧玲,CO1,100% 2012-01-15,柯慧玲,CO1,100%
Common Name	Orange-spotted grouper; Orangespotted rockcod; Estuary cod; Green grouper; Estuary grouper; Estuary rock cod
Redlist Status	IUCN Redlist: Lower Risk/near threatened(NT)  2004-04-30 IUCN Group
Characteristic	Dorsal fin with XI spines ＆ 14-16 soft rays, the third or fourth spines longest, 2.9-4.0 times in head length; anal fin with III spines ＆ 8 soft rays, the third usually longer than the second; pectoral-fin rays 18-20; pelvic-fin length contained 1.9-2.7 times in head length; caudal fin rounded. Lateral-body scales rough ctenoid; With minute auxiliary scales; lateral-line scales 58-65; lateral-scales series 100-118. Gill raker 8-10 on upper limb, 14-17 on lower limb, 23-26 total of first gill arch.
habitats	Inhabit turbid coastal reefs and are often found in brackish water over mud and rubble. Juveniles are common in shallow waters of estuaries over sand, mud and gravel and among mangroves. Feed on small fishes, shrimps, and crabs. Probably spawn during rest
Distribution	Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea south to at least Durban, South Africa and eastward to Palau and Fiji, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819) and Australia. Recently reported from the Mediterranean coast of Israel.
Utility	It has commercial purpose in fisheries and aquaculture.