 | Ishiyama, R., 1955, Studies on the Rays and Skates Belonging to the Family Rajidae, Found in Japan and Adjacent Regions. 5.Electric Organ Supposed as an Armature., Bull. Biogeographical Society of Japan. |
| Ishiyama, R., 1955, Studies on the rays and skates belonging to the family Rajidae, found in Japan and adjacent regions. 6. Raja macrocauda, a new skate., J. Shimonoseki Coll. Fish. |
| 沈世傑 編 Shih-Chieh Shen ed., 1993, 臺灣魚類誌 Fishes of Taiwan, 國立臺灣大學動物學系印行 |
